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The material and mental worlds of ancient Greece
Readable, well-sourced essays connecting artifacts, places, and texts—from the Bronze Age Aegean to the Hellenistic world.
Word of the Day
ἀρετή
aretē
noun
virtue, excellence
The highest quality of character, encompassing moral virtue, courage, and the fulfilment of one's purpose. Central to Greek ethical thought from Homer to Aristotle.
"ἀρετή is the quality that makes a thing excellent at what it is meant to do." — Aristotle
Latest articles
View All →Journey Through Time
c. 3000–1100 BCE
Bronze Age
Minoan palaces on Crete, Mycenaean citadels on the mainland, and the first Greek writing systems — Linear A and Linear B.
c. 1100–800 BCE
Dark Ages
Palace collapse and population decline, but also the spread of iron technology and the emergence of the Greek alphabet.
c. 800–480 BCE
Archaic Period
The rise of the polis, colonisation across the Mediterranean, the first Olympic Games, and the poems of Homer and Hesiod.
c. 480–323 BCE
Classical Period
Athenian democracy, the Parthenon, tragedy and philosophy, the Peloponnesian War, and Alexander's conquests.
c. 323–31 BCE
Hellenistic Era
Successor kingdoms, the Library of Alexandria, advances in science and art, and Greek culture's spread to Asia and Egypt.
Places with History
View Map →This Day in Ancient History
FEB
8
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Discovering what happened on this day in the ancient world…
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